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06602_Field_TCUM T167.txt
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1996-04-10
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The succeeding age of Alexander saw Hellenism expand into
Asia and prepare the course of the later Roman expansion.
These, however, were the very centuries in which Greek
civilization obviously fell apart.
Toynbee points to the strange falsification of history by
archeology, insofar as the survival of many material objects of
the past does not indicate the quality of ordinary life and
experience at any particular time. Continuous technical
improvement in the means of warfare occurs over the entire
period of Hellenic and Roman decline. Toynbee checks out his
hypothesis by testing it with the developments in Greek
agriculture. When the enterprise of Solon weaned the Greeks
from mixed farming to a program of specialized products for
export, there were happy consequences and a glorious
manifestation of energy in Greek life. When the next phase of